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太陽能組件
詳細說明:

太陽(yang)能電池組件定義(yi):

  單體太陽電池不能直接(jie)做電源使用。作(zuo)電源必(bi)須(xu)將若干單體電池串(chuan)、并聯(lian)連接(jie)和(he)嚴(yan)密封裝成(cheng)組(zu)件。太陽能電

  池組件(也叫太陽能(neng)電(dian)池板(ban)、光伏組件)是(shi)(shi)太陽能(neng)發電(dian)系統中(zhong)的核心(xin)部分,也是(shi)(shi)太陽能(neng)發電(dian)系統中(zhong)重要的部分。其作用是(shi)(shi)將(jiang)太陽能(neng)轉(zhuan)化為電(dian)能(neng),或送(song)往蓄電(dian)池中(zhong)存儲起(qi)來,或推動負載工作。太陽能(neng)電(dian)池組件的質量和(he)成(cheng)(cheng)本將(jiang)直接決(jue)定整個系統的質量和(he)成(cheng)(cheng)本。


太陽能組(zu)件原理簡介:

  1、太(tai)(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)能(neng)(neng)量轉換(huan)器(qi)是(shi)太(tai)(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi),又稱(cheng)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)。太(tai)(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)原理是(shi)光(guang)(guang)生(sheng)伏(fu)打效應 。當(dang)太(tai)(tai)陽光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)射在太(tai)(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)上時,電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)吸收光(guang)(guang)能(neng)(neng),產生(sheng)光(guang)(guang)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子-空穴對 。在電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)內建(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場作用下,光(guang)(guang)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子和(he)空穴被分離,電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)兩端出(chu)現異號電(dian)(dian)(dian)荷的(de)積累,即產生(sheng)“光(guang)(guang)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)”,這就是(shi)“光(guang)(guang)生(sheng)伏(fu)打效應” 。若在內建(jian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)場的(de)兩側引出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)并接(jie)(jie)上負(fu)(fu)載,則負(fu)(fu)載就有“光(guang)(guang)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)”流(liu)過(guo),從而獲得(de)功率輸出(chu) 。這樣,太(tai)(tai)陽的(de)光(guang)(guang)能(neng)(neng)就直接(jie)(jie)變成了可以使用的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng);

  2、在相(xiang)同的(de)(de)溫度下,光照強度對電池板的(de)(de)影響(xiang):光照強度越大(da),太陽(yang)能電池板的(de)(de)開路電壓(ya)和短(duan)路電流(liu)越大(da),大(da)輸(shu)出功率也(ye)越大(da) ,同時(shi)可(ke)以看出開路電壓(ya)隨輻照強度的(de)(de)變(bian)化不如短(duan)路電流(liu)隨輻照強度的(de)(de)變(bian)化明顯;

  3、在相(xiang)同的光照(zhao)強度下,溫(wen)度對電池板的影響:當太陽能電池的溫(wen)度升(sheng)高時,其(qi)輸出開路電壓隨溫(wen)度明顯減(jian)小,短(duan)路電流(liu)略有升(sheng)高,總(zong)趨勢是大輸出功率(lv)變小。


太陽能交流(liu)發電(dian)系統是由太陽電(dian)池組件(jian)、充電(dian)控制(zhi)器(qi)、逆(ni)變器(qi)和(he)蓄電(dian)池共同組成;太陽能直流(liu)發電(dian)系統則不(bu)包括逆(ni)變器(qi)。為(wei)了使太陽能發電(dian)系統能為(wei)負載提(ti)供足夠的(de)電(dian)源(yuan),就要根(gen)據用(yong)電(dian)器(qi)的(de)功率(lv),合理選擇各部件(jian)。下面以100W輸出功率(lv),每天(tian)使用(yong)6個小(xiao)時為(wei)例,介紹一下計(ji)算方法:

  1、首先應計算出(chu)每天消耗(hao)(hao)(hao)的瓦時數(shu)(包括逆(ni)變器(qi)的損耗(hao)(hao)(hao)):若(ruo)逆(ni)變器(qi)的轉換效率為90%,則當輸(shu)出(chu)功(gong)率為100W時,則實(shi)際需(xu)要輸(shu)出(chu)功(gong)率應為100W/90%=111W;若(ruo)按(an)每天使用5小(xiao)時,則耗(hao)(hao)(hao)電量為111W*5小(xiao)時=555Wh;

  2、計(ji)算太陽能(neng)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組件(jian):按(an)每(mei)日(ri)有(you)效日(ri)照(zhao)時間(jian)為(wei)6小時計(ji)算,再考慮到充電(dian)(dian)效率和充電(dian)(dian)過(guo)程中的(de)損耗,太陽能(neng)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組件(jian)的(de)輸出功率應(ying)為(wei)555Wh/6h/70%=130W。其(qi)中70%是充電(dian)(dian)過(guo)程中,太陽能(neng)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)組件(jian)的(de)實際(ji)使用功率。


太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)電(dian)池板(ban)組(zu)(zu)件(jian)是由(you)高(gao)(gao)轉換效(xiao)率(lv)的(de)單片太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)電(dian)池、抗(kang)老化(hua)EVA膠膜、高(gao)(gao)透光率(lv)低鐵鋼化(hua)玻璃和由(you)氟塑料(liao)、滌(di)綸復合而(er)成(cheng)的(de)Tedlar(TPT)背膜組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)。這些(xie)元件(jian)在真空下(xia)加(jia)熱層壓(ya)成(cheng)為一(yi)個整體,后經安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)陽(yang)(yang)極(ji)化(hua)防腐鋁合金邊框和接(jie)線盒,成(cheng)為組(zu)(zu)件(jian)成(cheng)品。具有效(xiao)率(lv)高(gao)(gao)、壽命長、安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)方(fang)便、抗(kang)風、抗(kang)冰(bing)雹(bao)能(neng)力等特性。集多種優勢于一(yi)體的(de)太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)板(ban)。


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